What is the process of systematically collecting, analyzing, and interpreting data known as?

The process of systematically collecting, analyzing, and interpreting data is best described as surveillance. Surveillance in public health is a continuous, systematic collection, analysis, and interpretation of health-related data, which is essential for planning, implementing, and evaluating public health practices. This process helps identify health trends, outbreaks, and potential health threats in populations, allowing public health officials to implement effective intervention strategies.

In contrast, analysis refers to the detailed examination of data or information, but it does not encompass the broader context of data collection and interpretation. Diagnosis pertains to identifying a disease based on signs and symptoms, while evaluation refers to a systematic determination of a subject's merit, worth, or significance, often in the context of assessing health programs or interventions. Surveillance, as the correct answer, emphasizes the ongoing monitoring essential for public health decision-making and policy formulation.