What is the function of antiviral medications?

Antiviral medications are specifically designed to inhibit the development and replication of viruses within the host. They achieve this by targeting various stages of the viral life cycle, such as entry into host cells, replication of viral genetic material, and release of new viral particles. This targeted approach allows antivirals to effectively manage viral infections by either reducing the severity of the disease or shortening its duration.

Unlike antibiotics, which are effective against bacterial infections, antivirals are tailored only for viral pathogens and do not promote the growth of bacteria or cure bacterial infections. Therefore, the focus on inhibiting specific viruses distinguishes antiviral medications from treatments for other types of pathogens and diseases. This specialized action is critical in managing infections such as influenza, HIV, and hepatitis, where controlling virus proliferation is essential for recovery and health.